Immunohistochemical Investigation of the role of Foxp3+ T regulatory cells in patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease complicated by Cytomegalovirus infection in colon
Abstract
Abstract
Aim: We attempted to study whether the presence of T-regulatory cells in tissues obtained from patients with an inflammatory bowel disease are augmented when Cytomegalovirus coexists in the bowel. Experimental data were analysed using statistical methods and were combined with bibliographical references in order to investigate the role of T-reg cells in immunodeficient patients with or without CMV infection.
Materials and Methods: Sixty-one cases of inflammatory bowel disease were divided into two groups. The first one included patients with either Crohn’s disease or ulcerative colitis that co-existed with CMV bowel infection, whereas the second group (control group) consisted of patients with inflammatory bowel disease without CMV infection. Sections from formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissues were immunohistochemically elaborated with CMV-specific polyclonal antibodies and the stained slides were evaluated in order to define Foxp3 protein levels and the attendance of Tregs in specific tissues.
Results: Statistical analysis of the evaluated samples revealed statistically significant correlation between the presence of CMV and the number of Tregs in bowel tissue. There was no evidence that CMV is related with acute phases of inflammatory bowel disease. Tregs were diminished in patients with disease in recession. The attendance of eosinophils was also examined and the results proved the existence of statistically significant correlation between the number of eosinophils and Tregs number in the examined samples.
Conclusions: Our investigation provides strong evidence that the increase of Treg population in colon mucosa is probably an underlying defensive mechanism of the human organism in order to control and suppress the local inflammatory reaction caused by infectious factors in immune deficient patients. Further study could help to shed light on the suppressive potency of Tregs and the potential value in clinical therapeutics.Keywords
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